Judges appointed by signatories of Charter of IMT: Lord Justice Lawrence and Mr Justice Birkett, member and alternate for UK Francis Biddle and Judge John J Parker, member and alternate for U.S. Defs pleaded not guilty: trial under ex post facto law, unfairly conducted by non-neutrals. Count 4: crimes against humanity including murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation of civilian populations, persecution on political, racial, religious grounds. Count 3: war crimes in violation of int'l conventions, internal penal laws, including murder of civilian population, torture, genocide, deportation of civilian population for slave labor (France-1,408,000 Belgium-190,000 Holland-500,000 USSR-4,978,000), murder of POWs, killing of hostages, plunder of public, private property causing starvation in occupied countries, destruction of works of art, 6,000,000 buildings leaving 25,000,000 homeless, wanton devastation not justified by military necessity, Germanization of occupied territories. Count 2: crimes against peace, including waging wars of aggression in violation of Conventions for Pacific Settlement of Int'l Disputes (1899, 1907) Hague Convention III re Opening of Hostilities (1907) Versailles Treaty (1919) Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928). Count 1: conspiracy to commit crimes against peace, war crimes, crimes against humanity. 11/14/45: U.S., USSR, UK, France Tribunal indicted 24 Defs pursuant to London Agreement and Charter. 8/7/45: U.S., France, UK, USSR executed London Agreement and Charter setting forth crimes against peace, crimes against humanity, war crimes. 5/8/45: Allies defeated Germany, ending WWII in Europe. 1943: U.S., France, UK, USSR announced they would punish war criminals after Allied victory. 6 FRD 69 (1946) (Trial of Major War Criminals Before Int'l Military Tribunal (IMT), Germany 1947)ฤก932-45: Defs led Third Reich.
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